Sapphire Technology is a Hong Kong-based hardware manufacturer founded in 2001 that focuses mainly on AMD Radeon graphics cards in the consumer space. Sapphire was the first manufacturer to launch a graphics card with an HDMI output, but is mostly known today for its Nitro and Pulse series of cards. Nitro is the premium brand, with somewhat more advanced cooling solutions than Pulse, as well as higher factory overclocks of the GPU and sometimes also the VRAM.